CVE-2025-24991 | Windows NTFS Information Disclosure Vulnerability

Exp

Out-of-bounds read in Windows NTFS allows an authorized attacker to disclose information locally.

Published: 2025-03-11 Last update: 2025-10-27 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published

View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

Threat Intelligence & Risk Assessment for CVE-2025-24991

KEV EPSS CVSS CWE Affected

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2025-24991 is rated Active Exploitation (74/100): CVSS Medium severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 1.85%). Core evidence: CISA KEV confirms active exploitation (added 2025-03-11) affecting Microsoft / Windows. a weakness (CWE-125) Unauthenticated remote administrative access may be possible. Mandatory action: The CISA remediation deadline has passed—treat as an emergency patch priority.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

CISA KEV Record for CVE-2025-24991

Name: Microsoft Windows NTFS Out-Of-Bounds Read Vulnerability · CISA KEV detail

Exploit added: 2025-03-11

Action due: 2025-04-01

Required action: Apply mitigations per vendor instructions, follow applicable BOD 22-01 guidance for cloud services, or discontinue use of the product if mitigations are unavailable.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-24991

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

#	Date	Old EPSS score	New EPSS score	Delta (New - Old)
1	2026-06-15	1.56%	1.85%	+0.29%
2	2026-05-17	1.42%	1.56%	+0.14%
3	2026-05-05	—	1.42%	—

Full EPSS history (31 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-24991

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score	Version	Severity	Vector	Exploitability	Impact	Score source
5.5	3.1	MEDIUM	`CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:L) They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by. Attack complexity (AC:L) Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup. Privileges required (PR:N) No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough. User interaction (UI:R) A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land. Scope (S:U) Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems. Confidentiality (C:H) Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way. Integrity (I:N) Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged. Availability (A:N) Service keeps running; no real outage angle.	1.8	3.6	[email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-24991

CWE-125 MITRE ↗

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-24991

Vendor	Product	Version	Raw CPE
microsoft	windows_10_1507	< 10.0.10240.20947	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:::::::x64:*
microsoft	windows_10_1507	< 10.0.10240.20947	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:::::::x86:*
microsoft	windows_10_1607	< 10.0.14393.7876	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:::::::x64:*
microsoft	windows_10_1607	< 10.0.14393.7876	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:::::::x86:*
microsoft	windows_10_1809	< 10.0.17763.7009	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:::::::x64:*
microsoft	windows_10_1809	< 10.0.17763.7009	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:::::::x86:*
microsoft	windows_10_21h2	< 10.0.19044.5608	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:::::::arm64:*
microsoft	windows_10_21h2	< 10.0.19044.5608	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:::::::x64:*
microsoft	windows_10_21h2	< 10.0.19044.5608	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:::::::x86:*
microsoft	windows_10_22h2	< 10.0.19045.5608	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:::::::arm64:*
microsoft	windows_10_22h2	< 10.0.19045.5608	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:::::::x64:*
microsoft	windows_10_22h2	< 10.0.19045.5608	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:::::::x86:*
microsoft	windows_11_22h2	< 10.0.22621.5039	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:::::::arm64:*
microsoft	windows_11_22h2	< 10.0.22621.5039	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:::::::x64:*
microsoft	windows_11_23h2	< 10.0.22631.5039	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:::::::arm64:*
microsoft	windows_11_23h2	< 10.0.22631.5039	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:::::::x64:*
microsoft	windows_11_24h2	< 10.0.26100.3403	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:::::::arm64:*
microsoft	windows_11_24h2	< 10.0.26100.3403	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:::::::x64:*
microsoft	windows_server_2008	—	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:::::x64:*
microsoft	windows_server_2008	—	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:-:sp2:::::x86:*
microsoft	windows_server_2008	r2	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2008:r2:sp1:::::x64:*
microsoft	windows_server_2012	—	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:-:::::::*
microsoft	windows_server_2012	r2	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:r2:::::::*
microsoft	windows_server_2016	< 10.0.14393.7876	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016::::::::
microsoft	windows_server_2019	< 10.0.17763.7009	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019::::::::
microsoft	windows_server_2022	< 10.0.20348.3270	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022::::::::
microsoft	windows_server_2022_23h2	< 10.0.25398.1486	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022_23h2:::::::x64:*
microsoft	windows_server_2025	< 10.0.26100.3403	cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:::::::x64:*

References for CVE-2025-24991

URL	Tags
https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-24991	Vendor Advisory
https://www.cisa.gov/known-exploited-vulnerabilities-catalog?field_cve=CVE-2025-24991	US Government Resource

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