CVE-2025-25186 | Net::IMAP vulnerable to possible DoS by memory exhaustion

Net::IMAP implements Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) client functionality in Ruby. Starting in version 0.3.2 and prior to versions 0.3.8, 0.4.19, and 0.5.6, there is a possibility for denial of service by memory exhaustion in `net-imap`'s response parser. At any time while the client is connected, a malicious server can send can send highly compressed `uid-set` data which is automatically read by the client's receiver thread. The response parser uses `Range#to_a` to convert the `uid-set` data into arrays of integers, with no limitation on the expanded size of the ranges. Versions 0.3.8, 0.4.19, 0.5.6, and higher fix this issue. Additional details for proper configuration of fixed versions and backward compatibility are available in the GitHub Security Advisory.

Published: 2025-02-10 Last update: 2026-04-15 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Deferred，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-25186 is rated Low Risk (37.5/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.14%). Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-25186

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-03-21 0.24% 0.14% -0.10%
2 2025-11-27 0.31% 0.24% -0.07%
3 2025-11-21 — 0.31% —

Full EPSS history (13 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-25186

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
6.5 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:R)
A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 2.8 3.6 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-25186

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2025-25186

GHSA-7fc5-f82f-cx69 · Severity: medium · Ecosystem: rubygems — Possible DoS by memory exhaustion in net-imap

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-25186

vendor priority summary link
debian not yet assigned CVE-2025-25186 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 2 source packages (ruby3.1, ruby3.3), 4 status rows across 4 suites (bookworm, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 3, open 1. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-25186
redhat medium — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-25186
suse medium CVE-2025-25186 severity moderate: SUSE including 71 source package names (libruby2_1-2_1, libruby2_5-2_5, …), 249 product×package rows across 34 product lines (SLES-LTSS-TERADATA 15 SP2, SUSE Liberty Linux 8, … (34 product lines)): Known Not Affected 191, Fixed 58. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-25186/
ubuntu low CVE-2025-25186 low priority: Ubuntu including 6 source packages (ruby2.3, ruby2.5, ruby2.7, ruby3.0, ruby3.2, ruby3.3), 32 status rows across 7 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, noble, oracular, upstream, xenial): DNE 20, needs-triage 6, not-affected 4, released 2. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-25186

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-25186

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
No affected products in dataset.

References for CVE-2025-25186

cvelogic Threat Intelligence