Improper access control in Windows Resilient File System (ReFS) allows an authorized attacker to disclose information over a network.
Conclusion & alert: CVE-2025-27738 is rated Moderate Risk (55.6/100): CVSS Medium severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 1.88%). Mandatory action: Review affected assets and schedule remediation.
Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.
EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).
| # | Date | Old EPSS score | New EPSS score | Delta (New - Old) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2026-06-01 | 1.49% | 1.88% | +0.40% |
| 2 | 2026-05-23 | 1.10% | 1.49% | +0.39% |
| 3 | 2026-05-19 | — | 1.10% | — |
Full EPSS history (19 records total)
CVSS metrics for this CVE.
| Base score | Version | Severity | Vector | Exploitability | Impact | Score source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 6.5 | 3.1 | MEDIUM |
|
2.8 | 3.6 | [email protected] |
| Vendor | Product | Version | Raw CPE |
|---|---|---|---|
| microsoft | windows_10_1507 | < 10.0.10240.20978 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* |
| microsoft | windows_10_1507 | < 10.0.10240.20978 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1507:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:* |
| microsoft | windows_10_1607 | < 10.0.14393.7969 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* |
| microsoft | windows_10_1607 | < 10.0.14393.7969 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1607:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:* |
| microsoft | windows_10_1809 | < 10.0.17763.7136 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x64:* |
| microsoft | windows_10_1809 | < 10.0.17763.7136 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_1809:*:*:*:*:*:*:x86:* |
| microsoft | windows_10_21h2 | < 10.0.19044.5737 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_21h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
| microsoft | windows_10_22h2 | < 10.0.19045.5737 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_10_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
| microsoft | windows_11_22h2 | < 10.0.22621.5189 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_22h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
| microsoft | windows_11_23h2 | < 10.0.22631.5189 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
| microsoft | windows_11_24h2 | < 10.0.26100.3775 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_11_24h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
| microsoft | windows_server_2012 | — | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
| microsoft | windows_server_2012 | r2 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2012:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
| microsoft | windows_server_2016 | < 10.0.14393.7969 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2016:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
| microsoft | windows_server_2019 | < 10.0.17763.7136 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2019:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
| microsoft | windows_server_2022 | < 10.0.20348.3453 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
| microsoft | windows_server_2022_23h2 | < 10.0.25398.1551 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2022_23h2:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
| microsoft | windows_server_2025 | < 10.0.26100.3775 | cpe:2.3:o:microsoft:windows_server_2025:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:* |
| URL | Tags |
|---|---|
| https://msrc.microsoft.com/update-guide/vulnerability/CVE-2025-27738 | Vendor Advisory |