CVE-2025-28025

Exp

TOTOLINK A830R V4.1.2cu.5182_B20201102, A950RG V4.1.2cu.5161_B20200903, A3000RU V5.9c.5185_B20201128, and A3100R V4.1.2cu.5247_B20211129 were found to contain a buffer overflow vulnerability in downloadFile.cgi through the v14 parameter.

Published: 2025-04-23 Last update: 2025-05-06 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-28025 is rated Exploit Available (54.5/100): CVSS High severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.12%). 2 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2025-28025

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-28025

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-02 0.32% 0.12% -0.20%
2 2026-02-17 0.11% 0.32% +0.20%
3 2025-11-27 — 0.11% —

Full EPSS history (8 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-28025

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.3 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:L)
Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:L)
Might cause slowdowns, glitches, or partial disruption—not a full brick.
 3.9 3.4 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-28025

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-28025

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
totolink a830r_firmware 4.1.2cu.5182_b20201102 cpe:2.3:o:totolink:a830r_firmware:4.1.2cu.5182_b20201102:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
totolink a950rg_firmware 4.1.2cu.5161_b20200903 cpe:2.3:o:totolink:a950rg_firmware:4.1.2cu.5161_b20200903:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
totolink a3000ru_firmware 5.9c.5185_b20201128 cpe:2.3:o:totolink:a3000ru_firmware:5.9c.5185_b20201128:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
totolink a3100r_firmware 4.1.2cu.5247_b20211129 cpe:2.3:o:totolink:a3100r_firmware:4.1.2cu.5247_b20211129:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-28025

cvelogic Threat Intelligence