CVE-2025-31978 | HCL BigFix Service Management (SM) does not adequately sanitize or safely render

HCL BigFix Service Management (SM) does not adequately sanitize or safely render spreadsheet files (CSV, XLS, XLSX) before processing or distributing them. An attacker could populate data fields which, when saved to a CSV file, may attempt information exfiltration or other malicious activity when automatically executed by the spreadsheet software. Note that current versions of Excel warn users of untrusted content.

Published: 2026-05-06 Last update: 2026-06-17 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Undergoing Analysis，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-31978 is rated Low Risk (19.7/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.14%). Low composite risk—no urgent action required; patch on your normal maintenance cycle and revisit priority if CVSS or EPSS increases.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-31978

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.03% 0.14% +0.11%
2 2026-05-07 — 0.03% —

Full EPSS history (2 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-31978

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
4.6 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:R)
A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:L)
Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 2.1 2.5 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-31978

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2025-31978

GHSA-636m-32xr-g349 · Severity: medium — HCL BigFix Service Management (SM) does not adequately sanitize or safely render spreadsheet...

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-31978

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
hcltech bigfix_service_management 23.0 cpe:2.3:a:hcltech:bigfix_service_management:23.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-31978

cvelogic Threat Intelligence