CVE-2025-32421 | Next.js Race Condition to Cache Poisoning

Next.js is a React framework for building full-stack web applications. Versions prior to 14.2.24 and 15.1.6 have a race-condition vulnerability. This issue only affects the Pages Router under certain misconfigurations, causing normal endpoints to serve `pageProps` data instead of standard HTML. This issue was patched in versions 15.1.6 and 14.2.24 by stripping the `x-now-route-matches` header from incoming requests. Applications hosted on Vercel's platform are not affected by this issue, as the platform does not cache responses based solely on `200 OK` status without explicit `cache-control` headers. Those who self-host Next.js deployments and are unable to upgrade immediately can mitigate this vulnerability by stripping the `x-now-route-matches` header from all incoming requests at the content development network and setting `cache-control: no-store` for all responses under risk. The maintainers of Next.js strongly recommend only caching responses with explicit cache-control headers.

Published: 2025-05-14 Last update: 2025-09-10 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2025-32421 is rated Moderate Risk (40.9/100): CVSS Low severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.75%). Mandatory action: Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-32421

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-05-13 0.36% 0.75% +0.39%
2 2026-03-10 0.12% 0.36% +0.24%
3 2026-03-05 0.12%

Full EPSS history (8 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-32421

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
3.7 3.1 LOW
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
2.2 1.4 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-32421

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2025-32421

GHSA-qpjv-v59x-3qc4 · Severity: low · Ecosystem: npm — Next.js Race Condition to Cache Poisoning

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-32421

vendor priority summary link
redhat low https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-32421

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-32421

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
vercel next.js < 14.2.24 cpe:2.3:a:vercel:next.js:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
vercel next.js >= 15.0.0, < 15.1.6 cpe:2.3:a:vercel:next.js:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*

References for CVE-2025-32421

cvelogic Threat Intelligence