CVE-2025-37997 | netfilter: ipset: fix region locking in hash types

In the Linux kernel, the following vulnerability has been resolved: netfilter: ipset: fix region locking in hash types Region locking introduced in v5.6-rc4 contained three macros to handle the region locks: ahash_bucket_start(), ahash_bucket_end() which gave back the start and end hash bucket values belonging to a given region lock and ahash_region() which should give back the region lock belonging to a given hash bucket. The latter was incorrect which can lead to a race condition between the garbage collector and adding new elements when a hash type of set is defined with timeouts.

Published: 2025-05-29 Last update: 2025-12-16 Assigner: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67 Source: 416baaa9-dc9f-4396-8d5f-8c081fb06d67
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-37997 is rated Low Risk (30.4/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.08%). Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-37997

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-03-25 0.02% 0.08% +0.06%
2 2025-12-17 0.06% 0.02% -0.04%
3 2025-11-04 — 0.06% —

Full EPSS history (6 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-37997

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
5.5 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 1.8 3.6 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-37997

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-37997

vendor priority summary link
debian not yet assigned CVE-2025-37997 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 2 source packages (linux, linux-6.1), 6 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 6. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-37997
redhat medium — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-37997
suse high — https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-37997/
ubuntu medium CVE-2025-37997 medium priority: Ubuntu including 158 source packages (linux, linux-allwinner-5.19, …), 1551 status rows across 10 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): DNE 1145, released 204, ignored 147, not-affected 52, needs-triage 2, needed 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-37997

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-37997

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
linux linux_kernel >= 5.4.24, < 5.4.294 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 5.5.8, < 5.6 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 5.6.1, < 5.10.238 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 5.11, < 5.15.183 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 5.16, < 6.1.139 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 6.2, < 6.6.91 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 6.7, < 6.12.29 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel >= 6.13, < 6.14.7 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel 5.6 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.6:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel 5.6 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.6:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel 5.6 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.6:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel 5.6 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.6:rc6:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel 5.6 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:5.6:rc7:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel 6.15 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel 6.15 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc2:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel 6.15 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc3:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel 6.15 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc4:*:*:*:*:*:*
linux linux_kernel 6.15 cpe:2.3:o:linux:linux_kernel:6.15:rc5:*:*:*:*:*:*
debian debian_linux 11.0 cpe:2.3:o:debian:debian_linux:11.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-37997

URL Tags
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/00cfc5fad1491796942a948808afb968a0a3f35b Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/226ce0ec38316d9e3739e73a64b6b8304646c658 Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/6e002ecc1c8cfdfc866b9104ab7888da54613e59 Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/82c1eb32693bc48251d92532975e19160987e5b9 Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/8478a729c0462273188263136880480729e9efca Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/a3dfec485401943e315c394c29afe2db8f9481d6 Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/aa77294b0f73bb8265987591460cd25b8722c3df Patch
https://git.kernel.org/stable/c/e2ab67672b2288521a6146034a971f9a82ffc5c5 Patch
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/08/msg00010.html Third Party Advisory
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/10/msg00007.html Third Party Advisory
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