CVE-2025-3875 | Sender Spoofing via Malformed From Header in Thunderbird

Thunderbird parses addresses in a way that can allow sender spoofing in case the server allows an invalid From address to be used. For example, if the From header contains an (invalid) value "Spoofed Name ", Thunderbird treats [email protected] as the actual address. This vulnerability was fixed in Thunderbird 128.10.1 and Thunderbird 138.0.1.

Published: 2025-05-14 Last update: 2026-04-13 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-3875 is rated Moderate Risk (50.9/100): CVSS High severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.38%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-3875

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-03-10 0.06% 0.38% +0.32%
2 2025-12-08 0.05% 0.06% +0.01%
3 2025-11-21 — 0.05% —

Full EPSS history (9 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-3875

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.5 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 3.9 3.6 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-3875

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-3875

vendor priority summary link
alpine — CVE-2025-3875: 1 source package rows (thunderbird); 71 state rows across 2 repos (3.22-community, edge-community); fixed 0, open 71. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-3875
debian not yet assigned CVE-2025-3875 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (thunderbird), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-3875
redhat high — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-3875
ubuntu medium CVE-2025-3875 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (thunderbird), 6 status rows across 6 suites (focal, jammy, noble, oracular, plucky, upstream): not-affected 2, released 2, DNE 1, ignored 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-3875

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-3875

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
mozilla thunderbird < 128.10.0 cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
mozilla thunderbird >= 129.0, < 138.0.1 cpe:2.3:a:mozilla:thunderbird:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-3875

cvelogic Threat Intelligence