CVE-2025-3929 | Stored XSS vulnerability in MDaemon Email Server

An XSS issue was discovered in MDaemon Email Server version 25.0.1 and below. An attacker can send a specially crafted HTML e-mail message with JavaScript in an img tag. This could allow a remote attacker to load arbitrary JavaScript code in the context of a webmail user's browser window, and access user data.

Published: 2025-04-29 Last update: 2025-05-12 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-3929 is rated Low Risk (34/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.15%). Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-3929

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-02-23 0.03% 0.15% +0.12%
2 2025-11-21 0.08% 0.03% -0.05%
3 2025-11-18 — 0.08% —

Full EPSS history (7 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-3929

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
5.3 4.0 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:P/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:L/SI:L/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:X/R:X/V:X/RE:X/U:X Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Exploitation conditions are straightforward and stable.
Attack requirements (AT:N)
No additional preconditions are required beyond normal reachability.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No privileges are required.
User interaction (UI:P)
A user has to participate (for example click/open/approve).
Vulnerable system confidentiality impact (VC:L)
Limited confidentiality impact on the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system integrity impact (VI:L)
Limited integrity impact on the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system availability impact (VA:N)
No availability impact on the vulnerable system.
Subsequent system confidentiality impact (SC:L)
Limited confidentiality impact on subsequent systems.
Subsequent system integrity impact (SI:L)
Limited integrity impact on subsequent systems.
Subsequent system availability impact (SA:N)
No availability impact on subsequent systems.
Exploit maturity (threat) (E:X)
Not defined: no reliable threat intelligence; scoring assumes the worst case (equivalent to Attacked).
Confidentiality requirement (CR:X)
Not defined: insufficient information; scoring treats this like High (worst case).
Integrity requirement (IR:X)
Not defined: insufficient information; scoring treats this like High (worst case).
Availability requirement (AR:X)
Not defined: insufficient information; scoring treats this like High (worst case).
Modified attack vector (MAV:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base Attack Vector (AV).
Modified attack complexity (MAC:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base Attack Complexity (AC).
Modified attack requirements (MAT:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base Attack Requirements (AT).
Modified privileges required (MPR:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base Privileges Required (PR).
Modified user interaction (MUI:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base User Interaction (UI).
Modified vulnerable system confidentiality impact (MVC:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base VC metric.
Modified vulnerable system integrity impact (MVI:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base VI metric.
Modified vulnerable system availability impact (MVA:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base VA metric.
Modified subsequent system confidentiality impact (MSC:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base SC metric.
Modified subsequent system integrity impact (MSI:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base SI metric.
Modified subsequent system availability impact (MSA:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base SA metric.
Safety (supplemental) (S:X)
Not evaluated.
Automatable (supplemental) (AU:X)
Not evaluated.
Recovery (supplemental) (R:X)
Not evaluated.
Value density (supplemental) (V:X)
Not evaluated.
Vulnerability response effort (supplemental) (RE:X)
Not evaluated.
Provider urgency (supplemental) (U:X)
Not evaluated.
 — — [email protected]
6.1 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:C/C:L/I:L/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:R)
A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:C)
Breaking this can reach past the original component and bite other resources—bigger blast radius.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:L)
Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 2.8 2.7 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-3929

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-3929

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
mdaemon email_server >= 20.0.0, < 20.0.9 cpe:2.3:a:mdaemon:email_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
mdaemon email_server >= 21.0.0, < 21.0.8 cpe:2.3:a:mdaemon:email_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
mdaemon email_server >= 21.5.0, < 21.5.6 cpe:2.3:a:mdaemon:email_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
mdaemon email_server >= 22.0.0, < 22.0.7 cpe:2.3:a:mdaemon:email_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
mdaemon email_server >= 23.0.0, < 23.0.4 cpe:2.3:a:mdaemon:email_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
mdaemon email_server >= 23.5.0, < 23.5.5 cpe:2.3:a:mdaemon:email_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
mdaemon email_server >= 24.0.0, < 24.0.4 cpe:2.3:a:mdaemon:email_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
mdaemon email_server >= 24.5.0, < 24.5.3 cpe:2.3:a:mdaemon:email_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
mdaemon email_server >= 25.0.0, < 25.0.2 cpe:2.3:a:mdaemon:email_server:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-3929

cvelogic Threat Intelligence