CVE-2025-41228 | VMware ESXi and vCenter Server Reflected Cross Site Scripting (XSS) Vulnerability

Exp

VMware ESXi and vCenter Server contain a reflected cross-site scripting vulnerability due to improper input validation. A malicious actor with network access to the login page of certain ESXi host or vCenter Server URL paths may exploit this issue to steal cookies or redirect to malicious websites.

Published: 2025-05-20 Last update: 2026-04-15 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Deferred，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-41228 is rated High Exploit Risk (66.9/100): CVSS Medium severity, with high exploitation likelihood (EPSS 6.01%, 91th percentile). 1 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). EPSS rose +2.96% over the last day, indicating growing attacker interest. Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2025-41228

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
52406 exploit_db edb 2025-08-11 Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-41228

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-03-16 3.05% 6.01% +2.96%
2 2026-01-23 2.57% 3.05% +0.48%
3 2025-12-24 — 2.57% —

Full EPSS history (13 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-41228

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
4.3 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:R)
A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 2.8 1.4 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-41228

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-41228

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
No affected products in dataset.

References for CVE-2025-41228

cvelogic Threat Intelligence