CVE-2025-4207 | PostgreSQL GB18030 encoding validation can read one byte past end of allocation for text that fails validation

Buffer over-read in PostgreSQL GB18030 encoding validation allows a database input provider to achieve temporary denial of service on platforms where a 1-byte over-read can elicit process termination. This affects the database server and also libpq. Versions before PostgreSQL 17.5, 16.9, 15.13, 14.18, and 13.21 are affected.

Published: 2025-05-08 Last update: 2026-04-15 Assigner: f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007 Source: f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007
NVD Status：Deferred，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-4207 is rated Moderate Risk (43.1/100): CVSS Medium severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.33%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-4207

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-03-04 0.07% 0.33% +0.25%
2 2025-05-23 0.04% 0.07% +0.03%
3 2025-05-09 — 0.04% —

Full EPSS history (3 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-4207

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
5.9 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 2.2 3.6 f86ef6dc-4d3a-42ad-8f28-e6d5547a5007

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-4207

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-4207

vendor priority summary link
alpine medium CVE-2025-4207: 5 source package rows (postgresql, postgresql14, postgresql15, postgresql16, postgresql17); 34 state rows across 9 repos (3.18-main, 3.19-main, 3.20-main, 3.21-community, 3.21-main, 3.22-community, 3.22-main, edge-community, edge-main); fixed 16, open 18. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-4207
debian not yet assigned CVE-2025-4207 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 3 source packages (postgresql-13, postgresql-15, postgresql-17), 3 status rows across 3 suites (bookworm, bullseye, trixie): resolved 3. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-4207
redhat medium — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-4207
suse medium CVE-2025-4207 severity moderate: SUSE including 595 source package names (0.5.14-9.58:libpq5-17.5-150600.13.13.1, 16.9-13.5:libpq5-17.5-150600.13.13.1, …), 1603 product×package rows across 68 product lines (Container containers/open-webui, Container private-registry/harbor-db, … (68 product lines)): Fixed 1076, Known Not Affected 296, Known Affected 231. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-4207/
ubuntu medium CVE-2025-4207 medium priority: Ubuntu including 7 source packages (postgresql-10, postgresql-12, …), 52 status rows across 10 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): DNE 36, needs-triage 5, not-affected 5, released 5, deferred 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-4207

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-4207

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
No affected products in dataset.

References for CVE-2025-4207

cvelogic Threat Intelligence