CVE-2025-4278 | Improper Neutralization of Script-Related HTML Tags in a Web Page (Basic XSS) in GitLab

An issue has been discovered in GitLab CE/EE affecting all versions starting with 18.0 before 18.0.2. Under certain conditions html injection in new search page could lead to account takeover.

Published: 2025-06-12 Last update: 2025-08-08 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-4278 is rated Moderate Risk (56.1/100): CVSS High severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.39%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-4278

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-04-08 0.08% 0.39% +0.31%
2 2025-08-09 0.02% 0.08% +0.06%
3 2025-06-12 — 0.02% —

Full EPSS history (3 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-4278

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
8.7 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:R/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:R)
A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:C)
Breaking this can reach past the original component and bite other resources—bigger blast radius.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 2.3 5.8 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-4278

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-4278

vendor priority summary link
debian unimportant CVE-2025-4278 unimportant priority: Debian including 1 source packages (gitlab), 1 status rows across 1 suites (sid): resolved 1. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-4278
ubuntu medium CVE-2025-4278 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (gitlab), 6 status rows across 6 suites (jammy, noble, oracular, plucky, upstream, xenial): DNE 4, ignored 1, needs-triage 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-4278

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-4278

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
gitlab gitlab >= 18.0.0, < 18.0.2 cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:gitlab:*:*:*:*:community:*:*:*
gitlab gitlab >= 18.0.0, < 18.0.2 cpe:2.3:a:gitlab:gitlab:*:*:*:*:enterprise:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-4278

cvelogic Threat Intelligence