CVE-2025-4478 | Gnome-remote-desktop: freerdp: unauthenticated rdp packet causes segfault in freerdp leading to denial of service

A flaw was found in the FreeRDP used by Anaconda's remote install feature, where a crafted RDP packet could trigger a segmentation fault. This issue causes the service to crash and remain defunct, resulting in a denial of service. It occurs pre-boot and is likely due to a NULL pointer dereference. Rebooting is required to recover the system.

Published: 2025-05-16 Last update: 2026-01-21 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-4478 is rated Moderate Risk (48.5/100): CVSS Medium severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.45%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-4478

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-05-22 0.36% 0.45% +0.09%
2 2026-03-21 0.34% 0.36% +0.03%
3 2026-03-12 — 0.34% —

Full EPSS history (9 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-4478

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
6.5 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:R)
A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 2.8 3.6 [email protected]
6.5 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:R/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:R)
A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 2.8 3.6 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-4478

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-4478

vendor priority summary link
alpine — CVE-2025-4478: 1 source package rows (freerdp); 24 state rows across 2 repos (3.22-community, edge-community); fixed 0, open 24. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-4478
debian unimportant CVE-2025-4478 unimportant priority: Debian including 2 source packages (freerdp2, freerdp3), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-4478
redhat medium — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-4478
suse high CVE-2025-4478 severity important: SUSE including 68 source package names (2.2.1-5.57:libcurl4-8.14.1-slfo.1.1_4.1, 2.2.1-5.64:curl-8.14.1-slfo.1.1_4.1, …), 169 product×package rows across 42 product lines (Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/baremetal-os-container, Container suse/sl-micro/6.0/base-os-container, … (42 product lines)): Fixed 133, Known Not Affected 23, First Fixed 13. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-4478/
ubuntu medium CVE-2025-4478 medium priority: Ubuntu including 3 source packages (freerdp, freerdp2, freerdp3), 19 status rows across 8 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, noble, oracular, plucky, upstream, xenial): not-affected 8, DNE 5, released 3, needs-triage 2, ignored 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-4478

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-4478

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
freerdp freerdp >= 3.0.0, < 3.16.0 cpe:2.3:a:freerdp:freerdp:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
redhat enterprise_linux 10.0 cpe:2.3:o:redhat:enterprise_linux:10.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-4478

cvelogic Threat Intelligence