CVE-2025-48734 [High] | Security Vulnerability in Commons Beanutils

Improper Access Control vulnerability in Apache Commons. A special BeanIntrospector class was added in version 1.9.2. This can be used to stop attackers from using the declared class property of Java enum objects to get access to the classloader. However this protection was not enabled by default. PropertyUtilsBean (and consequently BeanUtilsBean) now disallows declared class level property access by default. Releases 1.11.0 and 2.0.0-M2 address a potential security issue when accessing enum properties in an uncontrolled way. If an application using Commons BeanUtils passes property paths from an external source directly to the getProperty() method of PropertyUtilsBean, an attacker can access the enum’s class loader via the “declaredClass” property available on all Java “enum” objects. Accessing the enum’s “declaredClass” allows remote attackers to access the ClassLoader and execute arbitrary code. The same issue exists with PropertyUtilsBean.getNestedProperty(). Starting in versions 1.11.0 and 2.0.0-M2 a special BeanIntrospector suppresses the “declaredClass” property. Note that this new BeanIntrospector is enabled by default, but you can disable it to regain the old behavior; see section 2.5 of the user's guide and the unit tests. This issue affects Apache Commons BeanUtils 1.x before 1.11.0, and 2.x before 2.0.0-M2.Users of the artifact commons-beanutils:commons-beanutils 1.x are recommended to upgrade to version 1.11.0, which fixes the issue. Users of the artifact org.apache.commons:commons-beanutils2 2.x are recommended to upgrade to version 2.0.0-M2, which fixes the issue.

#	Date	Old EPSS score	New EPSS score	Delta (New - Old)
1	2026-04-26	0.19%	0.26%	+0.07%
2	2026-03-24	0.06%	0.19%	+0.13%
3	2025-12-22	—	0.06%	—

Date

Old EPSS score

New EPSS score

Delta (New - Old)

2026-04-26

0.19%

0.26%

+0.07%

2026-03-24

0.06%

0.19%

+0.13%

2025-12-22

—

0.06%

—

Base score	Version	Severity	Vector	Exploitability	Impact	Score source
8.8	3.1	HIGH	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:N) Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine. Attack complexity (AC:L) Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup. Privileges required (PR:L) A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin. User interaction (UI:N) Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping. Scope (S:U) Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems. Confidentiality (C:H) Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way. Integrity (I:H) They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt. Availability (A:H) Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.	2.8	5.9	134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

Base score

Version

Severity

Vector

Exploitability

Impact

Score source

8.8

3.1

HIGH

CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand

Attack vector (AV:N): Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L): Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L): A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N): Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U): Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H): Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H): They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H): Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.

2.8

5.9

134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-48734

vendor	priority	summary	link
`debian`	not yet assigned	CVE-2025-48734 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (commons-beanutils), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5.	https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-48734
`gentoo`	high	CVE-2025-48734: 1 GLSA(s) (202601-05), 1 atom(s) (dev-java/commons-beanutils); latest impact high.	https://bugs.gentoo.org/buglist.cgi?quicksearch=CVE-2025-48734
`redhat`	high	—	https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-48734
`suse`	high	—	https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-48734/
`ubuntu`	medium	CVE-2025-48734 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (commons-beanutils), 10 status rows across 10 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): needs-triage 8, ignored 2.	https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-48734

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-48734

Vendor	Product	Version	Raw CPE
apache	commons_beanutils	>= 1.0, < 1.11.0	cpe:2.3:a:apache:commons_beanutils::::::::
apache	commons_beanutils	2.0.0	cpe:2.3:a:apache:commons_beanutils:2.0.0:milestone1::::::

References for CVE-2025-48734

URL	Tags
https://lists.apache.org/thread/s0hb3jkfj5f3ryx6c57zqtfohb0of1g9	Mailing List Vendor Advisory
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/05/28/6	Mailing List Third Party Advisory
https://lists.debian.org/debian-lts-announce/2025/06/msg00027.html

URL

CVE-2025-48734 | Apache Commons BeanUtils: PropertyUtilsBean does not suppresses an enum's declaredClass property by default

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-48734

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-48734

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-48734

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2025-48734

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-48734

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-48734

References for CVE-2025-48734