CVE-2025-49146 | pgjdbc Client Allows Fallback to Insecure Authentication Despite channelBinding=require Configuration

pgjdbc is an open source postgresql JDBC Driver. From 42.7.4 and until 42.7.7, when the PostgreSQL JDBC driver is configured with channel binding set to required (default value is prefer), the driver would incorrectly allow connections to proceed with authentication methods that do not support channel binding (such as password, MD5, GSS, or SSPI authentication). This could allow a man-in-the-middle attacker to intercept connections that users believed were protected by channel binding requirements. This vulnerability is fixed in 42.7.7.

Published: 2025-06-11 Last update: 2025-10-06 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-49146 is rated Moderate Risk (45.9/100): CVSS High severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.46%). Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-49146

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.01% 0.46% +0.45%
2 2025-11-21 0.07% 0.01% -0.06%
3 2025-11-18 — 0.07% —

Full EPSS history (4 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-49146

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
8.2 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:L/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:L)
Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 3.9 4.2 [email protected]
5.9 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 2.2 3.6 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-49146

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2025-49146

GHSA-hq9p-pm7w-8p54 · Severity: high · Ecosystem: maven — pgjdbc Client Allows Fallback to Insecure Authentication Despite channelBinding=require Configuration

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-49146

vendor priority summary link
alpine — CVE-2025-49146: 1 source package rows (java-postgresql-jdbc); 1 state rows across 1 repos (edge-community); fixed 1, open 0. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-49146
debian unimportant CVE-2025-49146 unimportant priority: Debian including 1 source packages (libpgjava), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-49146
redhat high — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-49146
suse high — https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-49146/
ubuntu medium CVE-2025-49146 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (libpgjava), 10 status rows across 10 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, noble, oracular, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): needs-triage 8, ignored 2. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-49146

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-49146

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
postgresql postgresql_jdbc_driver >= 42.7.4, < 42.7.7 cpe:2.3:a:postgresql:postgresql_jdbc_driver:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-49146

cvelogic Threat Intelligence