CVE-2025-53836 | XWiki Rendering is vulnerable to RCE attacks when processing nested macros

Exp

XWiki Rendering is a generic rendering system that converts textual input in a given syntax (wiki syntax, HTML, etc) into another syntax (XHTML, etc). Starting in version 4.2-milestone-1 and prior to versions 13.10.11, 14.4.7, and 14.10, the default macro content parser doesn't preserve the restricted attribute of the transformation context when executing nested macros. This allows executing macros that are normally forbidden in restricted mode, in particular script macros. The cache and chart macros that are bundled in XWiki use the vulnerable feature. This has been patched in XWiki 13.10.11, 14.4.7 and 14.10. To avoid the exploitation of this bug, comments can be disabled for untrusted users until an upgrade to a patched version has been performed. Note that users with edit rights will still be able to add comments via the object editor even if comments have been disabled.

Published: 2025-07-15 Last update: 2025-08-26 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-53836 is rated High Exploit Risk (63.7/100): CVSS Critical severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.53%). 2 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2025-53836

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-53836

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 5.50% 0.53% -4.97%
2 2026-05-10 2.51% 5.50% +2.98%
3 2026-04-30 — 2.51% —

Full EPSS history (17 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-53836

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
9.9 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:C)
Breaking this can reach past the original component and bite other resources—bigger blast radius.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.1 6.0 [email protected]
8.8 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 2.8 5.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-53836

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2025-53836

GHSA-32mf-57h2-64x9 · Severity: critical · Ecosystem: maven — XWiki Rendering is vulnerable to RCE attacks when processing nested macros

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-53836

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
xwiki xwiki >= 4.3, < 13.10.11 cpe:2.3:a:xwiki:xwiki:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
xwiki xwiki >= 14.0, < 14.4.7 cpe:2.3:a:xwiki:xwiki:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
xwiki xwiki >= 14.5, < 14.10 cpe:2.3:a:xwiki:xwiki:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
xwiki xwiki 4.2 cpe:2.3:a:xwiki:xwiki:4.2:milestone1:*:*:*:*:*:*
xwiki xwiki 4.2 cpe:2.3:a:xwiki:xwiki:4.2:milestone2:*:*:*:*:*:*
xwiki xwiki 4.2 cpe:2.3:a:xwiki:xwiki:4.2:milestone3:*:*:*:*:*:*
xwiki xwiki 4.2 cpe:2.3:a:xwiki:xwiki:4.2:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-53836

cvelogic Threat Intelligence