CVE-2025-54416 | tj-actions/branch-names Contains Command Injection Vulnerability

tj-actions/branch-names is a Github actions repository that contains workflows to retrieve branch or tag names with support for all events. In versions 8.2.1 and below, a critical vulnerability has been identified in the tj-actions/branch-names' GitHub Action workflow which allows arbitrary command execution in downstream workflows. This issue arises due to inconsistent input sanitization and unescaped output, enabling malicious actors to exploit specially crafted branch names or tags. While internal sanitization mechanisms have been implemented, the action outputs remain vulnerable, exposing consuming workflows to significant security risks. This is fixed in version 9.0.0

Published: 2025-07-26 Last update: 2026-04-15 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2025-54416 is rated Moderate Risk (60.8/100): CVSS Critical severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.56%). Mandatory action: Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-54416

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-05-22 0.16% 0.56% +0.40%
2 2026-04-11 0.06% 0.16% +0.10%
3 2025-07-26 0.06%

Full EPSS history (3 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-54416

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
9.1 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:L/A:L Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:C)
Breaking this can reach past the original component and bite other resources—bigger blast radius.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:L)
Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:L)
Might cause slowdowns, glitches, or partial disruption—not a full brick.
3.1 5.3 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-54416

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2025-54416

GHSA-gq52-6phf-x2r6 · Severity: critical · Ecosystem: actions — tj-actions/branch-names has a Command Injection Vulnerability

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-54416

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
No affected products in dataset.

References for CVE-2025-54416

cvelogic Threat Intelligence