CVE-2025-59425 | vLLM vulnerable to timing attack at bearer auth

Exp

vLLM is an inference and serving engine for large language models (LLMs). Before version 0.11.0rc2, the API key support in vLLM performs validation using a method that was vulnerable to a timing attack. API key validation uses a string comparison that takes longer the more characters the provided API key gets correct. Data analysis across many attempts could allow an attacker to determine when it finds the next correct character in the key sequence. Deployments relying on vLLM's built-in API key validation are vulnerable to authentication bypass using this technique. Version 0.11.0rc2 fixes the issue.

Published: 2025-10-07 Last update: 2025-10-16 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2025-59425 is rated Exploit Available (59.6/100): CVSS High severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.54%). Core evidence: 1 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Mandatory action: Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2025-59425

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-59425

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.28% 0.54% +0.26%
2 2026-05-13 0.37% 0.28% -0.09%
3 2026-03-05 0.37%

Full EPSS history (8 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-59425

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.5 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
3.9 3.6 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-59425

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2025-59425

GHSA-wr9h-g72x-mwhm · Severity: high · Ecosystem: pip — vLLM is vulnerable to timing attack at bearer auth

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-59425

vendor priority summary link
redhat high https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-59425

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-59425

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
vllm vllm < 0.11.0 cpe:2.3:a:vllm:vllm:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
vllm vllm 0.11.0 cpe:2.3:a:vllm:vllm:0.11.0:rc1:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-59425

cvelogic Threat Intelligence