CVE-2025-59980 | Junos OS: When a user with the name ftp or anonymous is configured unauthenticated filesystem access is allowed

An Authentication Bypass by Primary Weakness in the FTP server of Juniper Networks Junos OS allows an unauthenticated, network-based attacker to get limited read-write access to files on the device. When the FTP server is enabled and a user named "ftp" or "anonymous" is configured, that user can login without providing the configured password and then has read-write access to their home directory. This issue affects Junos OS:  * all versions before 22.4R3-S8, * 23.2 versions before 23.2R2-S3, * 23.4 versions before 23.4R2.

Published: 2025-10-09 Last update: 2026-01-23 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-59980 is rated Low Risk (31.6/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.04%). Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-59980

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-03-07 0.05% 0.04% -0.01%
2 2026-01-24 0.05% 0.05% +0.00%
3 2025-12-16 — 0.05% —

Full EPSS history (5 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-59980

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
6.9 4.0 MEDIUM
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:N/UI:N/VC:L/VI:L/VA:N/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:X/CR:X/IR:X/AR:X/MAV:X/MAC:X/MAT:X/MPR:X/MUI:X/MVC:X/MVI:X/MVA:X/MSC:X/MSI:X/MSA:X/S:X/AU:Y/R:X/V:X/RE:M/U:X Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Exploitation conditions are straightforward and stable.
Attack requirements (AT:N)
No additional preconditions are required beyond normal reachability.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No privileges are required.
User interaction (UI:N)
No user interaction is required.
Vulnerable system confidentiality impact (VC:L)
Limited confidentiality impact on the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system integrity impact (VI:L)
Limited integrity impact on the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system availability impact (VA:N)
No availability impact on the vulnerable system.
Subsequent system confidentiality impact (SC:N)
No confidentiality impact on subsequent systems.
Subsequent system integrity impact (SI:N)
No integrity impact on subsequent systems.
Subsequent system availability impact (SA:N)
No availability impact on subsequent systems.
Exploit maturity (threat) (E:X)
Not defined: no reliable threat intelligence; scoring assumes the worst case (equivalent to Attacked).
Confidentiality requirement (CR:X)
Not defined: insufficient information; scoring treats this like High (worst case).
Integrity requirement (IR:X)
Not defined: insufficient information; scoring treats this like High (worst case).
Availability requirement (AR:X)
Not defined: insufficient information; scoring treats this like High (worst case).
Modified attack vector (MAV:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base Attack Vector (AV).
Modified attack complexity (MAC:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base Attack Complexity (AC).
Modified attack requirements (MAT:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base Attack Requirements (AT).
Modified privileges required (MPR:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base Privileges Required (PR).
Modified user interaction (MUI:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base User Interaction (UI).
Modified vulnerable system confidentiality impact (MVC:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base VC metric.
Modified vulnerable system integrity impact (MVI:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base VI metric.
Modified vulnerable system availability impact (MVA:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base VA metric.
Modified subsequent system confidentiality impact (MSC:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base SC metric.
Modified subsequent system integrity impact (MSI:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base SI metric.
Modified subsequent system availability impact (MSA:X)
Not defined: scoring uses the Base SA metric.
Safety (supplemental) (S:X)
Not evaluated.
Automatable (supplemental) (AU:Y)
Yes: all four kill-chain steps (reconnaissance, weaponization, delivery, exploitation) can be automated.
Recovery (supplemental) (R:X)
Not evaluated.
Value density (supplemental) (V:X)
Not evaluated.
Vulnerability response effort (supplemental) (RE:M)
Moderate effort (remote update, disable subsystem, simple upgrade with minor service impact).
Provider urgency (supplemental) (U:X)
Not evaluated.
 — — [email protected]
6.5 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:L)
Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 3.9 2.5 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-59980

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-59980

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
juniper junos < 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:r1:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:r1-s1:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:r1-s2:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:r2-s1:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:r2-s2:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:r3:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:r3-s1:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:r3-s2:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:r3-s3:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:r3-s4:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:r3-s5:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:r3-s6:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 22.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:22.4:r3-s7:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 23.2 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:23.2:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 23.2 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:23.2:r1:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 23.2 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:23.2:r1-s1:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 23.2 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:23.2:r1-s2:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 23.2 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:23.2:r2:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 23.2 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:23.2:r2-s1:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 23.2 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:23.2:r2-s2:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 23.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:23.4:-:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 23.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:23.4:r1:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 23.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:23.4:r1-s1:*:*:*:*:*:*
juniper junos 23.4 cpe:2.3:o:juniper:junos:23.4:r1-s2:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-59980

cvelogic Threat Intelligence