CVE-2025-61664 | Grub2: missing unregister call for normal_exit command may lead to use-after-free

A vulnerability in the GRUB2 bootloader has been identified in the normal module. This flaw, a memory Use After Free issue, occurs because the normal_exit command is not properly unregistered when its related module is unloaded. An attacker can exploit this condition by invoking the command after the module has been removed, causing the system to improperly access a previously freed memory location. This leads to a system crash or possible impacts in data confidentiality and integrity.

Published: 2025-11-18 Last update: 2026-05-19 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Deferred，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-61664 is rated Low Risk (19.9/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.01%). Low composite risk—no urgent action required; patch on your normal maintenance cycle and revisit priority if CVSS or EPSS increases.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-61664

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2025-11-19 — 0.01% —

Full EPSS history (1 record total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-61664

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
4.9 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:L Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:L)
Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:L)
Might cause slowdowns, glitches, or partial disruption—not a full brick.
 1.4 3.4 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-61664

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2025-61664

GHSA-7w9h-j8xp-j97v · Severity: medium — A vulnerability in the GRUB2 bootloader has been identified in the normal module. This flaw, a...

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-61664

vendor priority summary link
debian not yet assigned CVE-2025-61664 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (grub2), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): open 3, resolved 2. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-61664
redhat medium — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-61664
suse medium — https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-61664/
ubuntu medium CVE-2025-61664 medium priority: Ubuntu including 3 source packages (grub2, grub2-signed, grub2-unsigned), 26 status rows across 9 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, noble, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): needs-triage 15, not-affected 7, ignored 4. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-61664

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-61664

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
No affected products in dataset.

References for CVE-2025-61664

cvelogic Threat Intelligence