CVE-2025-61772 | Rack's multipart parser buffers unbounded per-part headers, enabling DoS (memory exhaustion)

Rack is a modular Ruby web server interface. In versions prior to 2.2.19, 3.1.17, and 3.2.2, `Rack::Multipart::Parser` can accumulate unbounded data when a multipart part’s header block never terminates with the required blank line (`CRLFCRLF`). The parser keeps appending incoming bytes to memory without a size cap, allowing a remote attacker to exhaust memory and cause a denial of service (DoS). Attackers can send incomplete multipart headers to trigger high memory use, leading to process termination (OOM) or severe slowdown. The effect scales with request size limits and concurrency. All applications handling multipart uploads may be affected. Versions 2.2.19, 3.1.17, and 3.2.2 cap per-part header size (e.g., 64 KiB). As a workaround, restrict maximum request sizes at the proxy or web server layer (e.g., Nginx `client_max_body_size`).

Published: 2025-10-07 Last update: 2025-10-10 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2025-61772 is rated Moderate Risk (49.5/100): CVSS High severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.32%). Mandatory action: Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-61772

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-05-25 0.19% 0.32% +0.13%
2 2026-03-17 0.14% 0.19% +0.06%
3 2026-03-05 0.14%

Full EPSS history (6 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-61772

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
7.5 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
3.9 3.6 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-61772

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2025-61772

GHSA-wpv5-97wm-hp9c · Severity: high · Ecosystem: rubygems — Rack's multipart parser buffers unbounded per-part headers, enabling DoS (memory exhaustion)

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-61772

vendor priority summary link
debian not yet assigned CVE-2025-61772 not yet assigned priority: Debian including 1 source packages (ruby-rack), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-61772
redhat medium https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-61772
suse high CVE-2025-61772 severity important: SUSE including 10 source package names (pcs-0.10.18-2.el8_10.7, pcs-0.11.9-2.el9_6.2, …), 10 product×package rows across 4 product lines (SUSE Liberty Linux 8, SUSE Liberty Linux 9, openSUSE Leap 15.6, openSUSE Tumbleweed): Fixed 6, Known Not Affected 4. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-61772/
ubuntu medium CVE-2025-61772 medium priority: Ubuntu including 1 source packages (ruby-rack), 9 status rows across 9 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, noble, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): ignored 5, released 3, needs-triage 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-61772

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-61772

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
rack rack < 2.2.19 cpe:2.3:a:rack:rack:*:*:*:*:*:ruby:*:*
rack rack >= 3.1.0, < 3.1.17 cpe:2.3:a:rack:rack:*:*:*:*:*:ruby:*:*
rack rack >= 3.2.0, < 3.2.2 cpe:2.3:a:rack:rack:*:*:*:*:*:ruby:*:*

References for CVE-2025-61772

cvelogic Threat Intelligence