CVE-2025-66209 | Coolify Vulnerable to Authenticated Remote Code Execution via Command Injection in Database Backup

Exp

Coolify is an open-source and self-hostable tool for managing servers, applications, and databases. Prior to version 4.0.0-beta.451, an authenticated command injection vulnerability in the Database Backup functionality allows users with application/service management permissions to execute arbitrary commands as root on managed servers. Database names used in backup operations are passed directly to shell commands without sanitization, enabling full remote code execution. Version 4.0.0-beta.451 fixes the issue.

Published: 2025-12-23 Last update: 2026-03-17 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-66209 is rated High Exploit Risk (71.7/100): CVSS Critical severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.25%). 2 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2025-66209

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-66209

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-02 0.17% 0.25% +0.08%
2 2026-02-18 0.44% 0.17% -0.27%
3 2026-01-24 — 0.44% —

Full EPSS history (7 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-66209

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
9.9 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:C/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:C)
Breaking this can reach past the original component and bite other resources—bigger blast radius.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 3.1 6.0 [email protected]
8.8 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 2.8 5.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-66209

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-66209

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
coollabs coolify < 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta100:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta101:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta102:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta103:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta104:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta105:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta106:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta107:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta108:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta109:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta110:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta111:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta112:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta113:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta114:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta115:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta116:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta117:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta118:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta119:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta120:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta121:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta122:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta123:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta124:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta125:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta126:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta127:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta128:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta129:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta130:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta131:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta132:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta133:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta134:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta135:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta136:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta137:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta138:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta139:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta140:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta141:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta142:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta143:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta144:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta145:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta146:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta147:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta148:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta149:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta150:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta151:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta152:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta153:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta154:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta155:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta156:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta157:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta158:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta159:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta160:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta161:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta162:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta163:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta164:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta165:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta166:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta167:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta168:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta169:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta170:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta171:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta172:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta173:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta174:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta175:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta176:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta177:*:*:*:*:*:*
coollabs coolify 4.0.0 cpe:2.3:a:coollabs:coolify:4.0.0:beta178:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-66209

cvelogic Threat Intelligence