CVE-2025-9133

A missing authorization vulnerability in Zyxel ATP series firmware versions from V4.32 through V5.40, USG FLEX series firmware versions from V4.50 through V5.40, USG FLEX 50(W) series firmware versions from V4.16 through V5.40, and USG20(W)-VPN series firmware versions from V4.16 through V5.40 could allow a semi-authenticated attacker—who has completed only the first stage of the two-factor authentication (2FA) process—to view and download the system configuration from an affected device.

Published: 2025-10-21 Last update: 2025-10-28 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-9133 is rated Low Risk (37.6/100): CVSS High severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.05%). Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-9133

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-05-27 0.07% 0.05% -0.03%
2 2025-12-28 0.04% 0.07% +0.04%
3 2025-10-21 — 0.04% —

Full EPSS history (3 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-9133

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
8.1 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
 2.8 5.2 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-9133

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-9133

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
zyxel zld >= 4.32, < 5.41 cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:zld:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
zyxel zld >= 4.50, < 5.41 cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:zld:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*
zyxel zld >= 4.16, < 5.41 cpe:2.3:o:zyxel:zld:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-9133

cvelogic Threat Intelligence