CVE-2025-9232 | Out-of-bounds read in HTTP client no_proxy handling

Issue summary: An application using the OpenSSL HTTP client API functions may trigger an out-of-bounds read if the 'no_proxy' environment variable is set and the host portion of the authority component of the HTTP URL is an IPv6 address. Impact summary: An out-of-bounds read can trigger a crash which leads to Denial of Service for an application. The OpenSSL HTTP client API functions can be used directly by applications but they are also used by the OCSP client functions and CMP (Certificate Management Protocol) client implementation in OpenSSL. However the URLs used by these implementations are unlikely to be controlled by an attacker. In this vulnerable code the out of bounds read can only trigger a crash. Furthermore the vulnerability requires an attacker-controlled URL to be passed from an application to the OpenSSL function and the user has to have a 'no_proxy' environment variable set. For the aforementioned reasons the issue was assessed as Low severity. The vulnerable code was introduced in the following patch releases: 3.0.16, 3.1.8, 3.2.4, 3.3.3, 3.4.0 and 3.5.0. The FIPS modules in 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue, as the HTTP client implementation is outside the OpenSSL FIPS module boundary.

Published: 2025-09-30 Last update: 2026-06-02 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2025-9232 is rated Moderate Risk (53.1/100): CVSS Medium severity, with medium exploitation likelihood (EPSS 2.05%). Core evidence: EPSS rose +1.99% over the last day, indicating growing attacker interest. Mandatory action: Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-9232

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.05% 2.05% +1.99%
2 2026-05-13 0.03% 0.05% +0.03%
3 2025-11-21 0.03%

Full EPSS history (5 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-9232

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
5.9 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
2.2 3.6 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-9232

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2025-9232

GHSA-76r2-c3cg-f5r9 · Severity: medium — Issue summary: An application using the OpenSSL HTTP client API functions may trigger an out-of...

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-9232

vendor priority summary link
alpine CVE-2025-9232: 1 source package rows (openssl); 23 state rows across 6 repos (3.19-main, 3.20-main, 3.21-main, 3.22-main, 3.23-main, edge-main); fixed 6, open 17. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-9232
debian unimportant CVE-2025-9232 unimportant priority: Debian including 1 source packages (openssl), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-9232
redhat low https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-9232
suse medium https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-9232/
ubuntu low CVE-2025-9232 low priority: Ubuntu including 4 source packages (edk2, nodejs, openssl, openssl1.0), 32 status rows across 9 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, noble, plucky, questing, trusty, upstream, xenial): not-affected 17, needs-triage 6, DNE 4, released 4, needed 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-9232

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-9232

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
No affected products in dataset.

References for CVE-2025-9232

URL Tags
https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/2b4ec20e47959170422922eaff25346d362dcb35
https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/654dc11d23468a74fc8ea4672b702dd3feb7be4b
https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/7cf21a30513c9e43c4bc3836c237cf086e194af3
https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/89e790ac431125a4849992858490bed6b225eadf
https://github.com/openssl/openssl/commit/bbf38c034cdabd0a13330abcc4855c866f53d2e0
https://openssl-library.org/news/secadv/20250930.txt
http://www.openwall.com/lists/oss-security/2025/09/30/5
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-032379.html
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-082556.html
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-089022.html
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-253495.html
https://cert-portal.siemens.com/productcert/html/ssa-485750.html
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