CVE-2025-9810 | TOCTOU race in Linenoise enables arbitrary file overwrite and permission changes

TOCTOU  in linenoiseHistorySave in linenoise allows local attackers to overwrite arbitrary files and change permissions via a symlink race between fopen("w") on the history path and subsequent chmod() on the same path.

Published: 2025-09-01 Last update: 2026-04-22 Assigner: 96148269-fe82-4198-b1bf-3a73ce8bc92e Source: 96148269-fe82-4198-b1bf-3a73ce8bc92e
NVD Status：Modified，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2025-9810 is rated Low Risk (27.8/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.01%). Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-9810

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2025-09-02 — 0.01% —

Full EPSS history (1 record total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-9810

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
6.8 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:H/A:L Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:L)
Might cause slowdowns, glitches, or partial disruption—not a full brick.
 2.5 4.2 96148269-fe82-4198-b1bf-3a73ce8bc92e
5.8 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:L/AC:H/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:H/A:L Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:L)
They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:L)
Might cause slowdowns, glitches, or partial disruption—not a full brick.
 1.0 4.7 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-9810

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2025-9810

GHSA-rj4f-7f4c-6qh7 · Severity: medium — TOCTOU  in linenoiseHistorySave in linenoise allows local attackers to overwrite arbitrary files...

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-9810

vendor priority summary link
alpine — CVE-2025-9810: 1 source package rows (linenoise); 6 state rows across 6 repos (3.19-main, 3.20-main, 3.21-main, 3.22-main, 3.23-main, edge-main); fixed 0, open 6. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-9810
redhat medium — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-9810

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-9810

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
antirez linenoise — cpe:2.3:a:antirez:linenoise:-:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-9810

cvelogic Threat Intelligence