CVE-2026-22751 | Spring Security JdbcOneTimeTokenService allows a one-time token to authenticate multiple sessions

Vulnerability in Spring Spring Security. Applications that explicitly configure One-Time Token login with JdbcOneTimeTokenService are vulnerable to a Time-of-check Time-of-use (TOCTOU) race condition. This issue affects Spring Security: from 6.4.0 through 6.4.15, from 6.5.0 through 6.5.9, from 7.0.0 through 7.0.4.

Published: 2026-04-21 Last update: 2026-05-01 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published

View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

Threat Intelligence & Risk Assessment for CVE-2026-22751

EPSS CVSS CWE GHSA Affected OS Tracker

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2026-22751 is rated Low Risk (21.6/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.03%). Mandatory action: Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2026-22751

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

#	Date	Old EPSS score	New EPSS score	Delta (New - Old)
1	2026-04-22	—	0.03%	—

Full EPSS history (1 record total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2026-22751

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score	Version	Severity	Vector	Exploitability	Impact	Score source
4.8	3.1	MEDIUM	`CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:L/A:N` Click to expand Attack vector (AV:N) Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine. Attack complexity (AC:H) Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work. Privileges required (PR:N) No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough. User interaction (UI:N) Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping. Scope (S:U) Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems. Confidentiality (C:L) Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump. Integrity (I:L) Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes. Availability (A:N) Service keeps running; no real outage angle.	2.2	2.5	[email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2026-22751

CWE-367 MITRE ↗

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2026-22751

GHSA-x2wq-9x2f-fhj7 · Severity: medium · Ecosystem: maven — Spring Security Core has a TOCTOU race condition when One-Time Token login with JdbcOneTimeTokenService is configured

OS Trackers for CVE-2026-22751

vendor	priority	summary	link
`ubuntu`	medium	CVE-2026-22751 medium priority: Ubuntu has no source package entries, 0 status rows across 0 suites (none): no status rows.	https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2026-22751

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2026-22751

Vendor	Product	Version	Raw CPE
vmware	spring_security	>= 6.4.0, < 6.4.16	cpe:2.3:a:vmware:spring_security::::::::
vmware	spring_security	>= 6.5.0, < 6.5.10	cpe:2.3:a:vmware:spring_security::::::::
vmware	spring_security	>= 7.0.0, < 7.0.5	cpe:2.3:a:vmware:spring_security::::::::

References for CVE-2026-22751

URL	Tags
https://spring.io/security/cve-2026-22751	Vendor Advisory

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