CVE-2026-25509 | CI4MS Vulnerable to User Email Enumeration via Password Reset Flow

CI4MS is a CodeIgniter 4-based CMS skeleton that delivers a production-ready, modular architecture with RBAC authorization and theme support. Prior to version 0.28.5.0, the authentication implementation in CI4MS is vulnerable to email enumeration. An unauthenticated attacker can determine whether an email address is registered in the system by analyzing the application's response during the password reset process. This issue has been patched in version 0.28.5.0.

Published: 2026-02-03 Last update: 2026-02-10 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2026-25509 is rated Low Risk (24.5/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.03%). Mandatory action: Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2026-25509

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-03-21 0.05% 0.03% -0.02%
2 2026-02-09 0.04% 0.05% +0.01%
3 2026-02-04 0.04%

Full EPSS history (3 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2026-25509

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
5.3 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:N Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:N)
Service keeps running; no real outage angle.
3.9 1.4 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2026-25509

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2026-25509

GHSA-654x-9q7r-g966 · Severity: medium · Ecosystem: composer — CI4MS Vulnerable to User Email Enumeration via Password Reset Flow

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2026-25509

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
ci4-cms-erp ci4ms < 0.28.5.0 cpe:2.3:a:ci4-cms-erp:ci4ms:*:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2026-25509

cvelogic Threat Intelligence