CVE-2026-28291 | simple-git has Command Execution via Option-Parsing Bypass

Exp

simple-git enables running native Git commands from JavaScript. Versions up to and including 3.31.1 allow execution of arbitrary commands through Git option manipulation, bypassing safety checks meant to block dangerous options like -u and --upload-pack. The flaw stems from an incomplete fix for CVE-2022-25860, as Git's flexible option parsing allows numerous character combinations (e.g., -vu, -4u, -nu) to circumvent the regular-expression-based blocklist in the unsafe operations plugin. Due to the virtually infinite number of valid option variants that Git accepts, a complete blocklist-based mitigation may be infeasible without fully emulating Git's option parsing behavior. This issue has been fixed in version 3.32.0.

Published: 2026-04-13 Last update: 2026-06-17 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]
NVD Status：Analyzed，CVE State: published
View at NVD, CVE.org, EUVD

CVE-2026-28291 is rated High Exploit Risk (63.8/100): CVSS High severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.64%). 1 public exploit reference(s) are indexed (Exploit-DB). Public exploits are available—assess exposure, apply mitigations, and prioritize patching.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Public exploit references (Exploit-DB) for CVE-2026-28291

EDB-ID Source Kind Published Link
— nvd_ref exploit_tag Exploit-DB ↗

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2026-28291

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-06-15 0.16% 0.64% +0.48%
2 2026-05-25 0.10% 0.16% +0.06%
3 2026-04-14 — 0.10% —

Full EPSS history (3 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2026-28291

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
8.1 3.1 HIGH
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:H/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:H)
Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
 2.2 5.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2026-28291

GitHub Security Advisory for CVE-2026-28291

GHSA-jcxm-m3jx-f287 · Severity: high · Ecosystem: npm — simple-git Affected by Command Execution via Option-Parsing Bypass

OS Trackers for CVE-2026-28291

vendor priority summary link
redhat high — https://access.redhat.com/security/cve/CVE-2026-28291

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2026-28291

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
simple-git_project simple-git < 3.32.0 cpe:2.3:a:simple-git_project:simple-git:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*

References for CVE-2026-28291

cvelogic Threat Intelligence