CVE-2026-4003 | Users manager – PN <= 1.1.15 - Unauthenticated Privilege Escalation via Account Takeover via 'userspn_form_save' AJAX Action

The Users manager – PN plugin for WordPress is vulnerable to Privilege Escalation via Arbitrary User Meta Update in all versions up to and including 1.1.15. This is due to a flawed authorization logic check in the userspn_ajax_nopriv_server() function within the 'userspn_form_save' case. The conditional only blocks unauthenticated users when the user_id is empty, but when a non-empty user_id is supplied, execution bypasses this check entirely and proceeds to update arbitrary user meta via update_user_meta() without any authentication or authorization verification. Additionally, the nonce required for this AJAX endpoint ('userspn-nonce') is exposed to all visitors via wp_localize_script on the public wp_enqueue_scripts hook, rendering the nonce check ineffective as a security control. This makes it possible for unauthenticated attackers to update arbitrary user metadata for any user account, including the userspn_secret_token field.

Published: 2026-04-08 Last update: 2026-04-27 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2026-4003 is rated Moderate Risk (52.2/100): CVSS Critical severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.17%). Mandatory action: Review affected assets and schedule remediation.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2026-4003

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-04-21 0.51% 0.17% -0.34%
2 2026-04-14 0.42% 0.51% +0.08%
3 2026-04-08 0.42%

Full EPSS history (3 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2026-4003

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
9.8 3.1 CRITICAL
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:H/I:H/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:H)
Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
Integrity (I:H)
They could widely tamper with or forge data—trust in the data is badly hurt.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.
3.9 5.9 [email protected]

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2026-4003

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2026-4003

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
No affected products in dataset.

References for CVE-2026-4003

URL Tags
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/userspn/tags/1.0.31/includes/class-userspn-ajax-nopriv.php#L186
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/userspn/tags/1.0.31/includes/class-userspn-ajax-nopriv.php#L190
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/userspn/tags/1.0.31/includes/class-userspn-ajax-nopriv.php#L233
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/userspn/tags/1.0.31/includes/class-userspn-common.php#L168
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/userspn/tags/1.0.31/includes/class-userspn-functions-user.php#L235
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/userspn/trunk/includes/class-userspn-ajax-nopriv.php#L186
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/userspn/trunk/includes/class-userspn-ajax-nopriv.php#L190
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/userspn/trunk/includes/class-userspn-ajax-nopriv.php#L233
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/userspn/trunk/includes/class-userspn-common.php#L168
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/browser/userspn/trunk/includes/class-userspn-functions-user.php#L235
https://plugins.trac.wordpress.org/changeset?sfp_email=&sfph_mail=&reponame=&old=3491109%40userspn&new=3491109%40userspn&sfp_email=&sfph_mail=
https://www.wordfence.com/threat-intel/vulnerabilities/id/27bb60c1-43fa-4a18-b9ca-059535b0d5b6?source=cve
cvelogic Threat Intelligence