Fleet has an SQL Injection vulnerability via backtick escape in ORDER BY parameter

Description

Summary

A SQL Injection vulnerability in Fleet’s software versions API allowed authenticated users to inject arbitrary SQL expressions via the order_key query parameter. Due to unsafe use of goqu.I() when constructing the ORDER BY clause, specially crafted input could escape identifier quoting and be interpreted as executable SQL.

Impact

An authenticated attacker with access to the affected endpoint could inject SQL expressions into the underlying MySQL query. Although the injection occurs in an ORDER BY context, it is sufficient to enable blind SQL injection techniques that can disclose database information through conditional expressions that affect result ordering. Crafted expressions may also cause excessive computation or query failures, potentially leading to degraded performance or denial of service.

No direct evidence of reliable data modification or stacked query execution was demonstrated.

Workarounds

If an immediate upgrade is not possible, users should restrict access to the affected endpoint to trusted roles only and ensure that any user-supplied sort or column parameters are strictly allow-listed at the application or proxy layer.

For more information

If there are any questions or comments about this advisory:

Email fleet at [email protected]
Join #fleet in osquery Slack

Credits

We thank @fuzzztf for responsibly reporting this issue.

Basic information

Type
reviewed
Severity
medium
Advisory on GitHub
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Repository advisory
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Source code
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Published (advisory)
2026-02-26 15:14:12 UTC
Updated
2026-03-15 15:10:53 UTC
GitHub reviewed
2026-02-26 15:14:12 UTC
NVD published
2026-02-25

EPSS Score

Score Percentile
0.05% 16.18%

CVSS Scores

Base score Version Severity Vector
5.1 4.0
CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N/E:U Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Exploitation conditions are straightforward and stable.
Attack requirements (AT:N)
No additional preconditions are required beyond normal reachability.
Privileges required (PR:L)
Low privileges are required.
User interaction (UI:N)
No user interaction is required.
Vulnerable system confidentiality impact (VC:H)
High confidentiality impact on the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system integrity impact (VI:N)
No integrity impact on the vulnerable system.
Vulnerable system availability impact (VA:H)
High availability impact on the vulnerable system.
Subsequent system confidentiality impact (SC:N)
No confidentiality impact on subsequent systems.
Subsequent system integrity impact (SI:N)
No integrity impact on subsequent systems.
Subsequent system availability impact (SA:N)
No availability impact on subsequent systems.
Exploit maturity (threat) (E:U)
Unreported: no public PoC, no reported exploitation, and no known simplification tools.

Identifiers

CWEs

CWE id Name
CWE-89 Improper Neutralization of Special Elements used in an SQL Command ('SQL Injection')

Credits

  • fuzzztf (reporter)

Affected packages (1)

Vulnerable version ranges and first patched releases as published by GitHub.

Ecosystem Package Vulnerable range First patched Vulnerable functions
go github.com/fleetdm/fleet/v4 < 4.80.1 4.80.1

References

cvelogic Threat Intelligence