otelgrpc DoS vulnerability due to unbound cardinality metrics

Description

Summary

The grpc Unary Server Interceptor opentelemetry-go-contrib/instrumentation/google.golang.org/grpc/otelgrpc/interceptor.go

// UnaryServerInterceptor returns a grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor suitable
// for use in a grpc.NewServer call.
func UnaryServerInterceptor(opts ...Option) grpc.UnaryServerInterceptor {

out of the box adds labels

  • net.peer.sock.addr
  • net.peer.sock.port

that have unbound cardinality. It leads to the server's potential memory exhaustion when many malicious requests are sent.

Details

An attacker can easily flood the peer address and port for requests.

PoC

Apply the attached patch to the example and run the client multiple times. Observe how each request will create a unique histogram and how the memory consumption increases during it.

Impact

In order to be affected, the program has to configure a metrics pipeline, use UnaryServerInterceptor, and does not filter any client IP address and ports via middleware or proxies, etc.

Others

It is similar to already reported vulnerabilities.

Workaround for affected versions

As a workaround to stop being affected, a view removing the attributes can be used.

The other possibility is to disable grpc metrics instrumentation by passing otelgrpc.WithMeterProvider option with noop.NewMeterProvider.

Solution provided by upgrading

In PR #4322, to be released with v0.46.0, the attributes were removed.

References

Basic information

Type
reviewed
Severity
high
Advisory on GitHub
Open advisory ↗
Repository advisory
Open repository advisory ↗
Source code
Browse source ↗
Published (advisory)
2023-11-12 15:55:39 UTC
Updated
2025-10-28 18:22:24 UTC
GitHub reviewed
2023-11-12 15:55:39 UTC
NVD published
2023-11-10

EPSS Score

Score Percentile
4.30% 88.50%

CVSS Scores

Base score Version Severity Vector
7.5 3.1
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:N/A:H Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:H)
Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.

Identifiers

CWEs

CWE id Name
CWE-770 Allocation of Resources Without Limits or Throttling

Credits

  • agmond (analyst)

Affected packages (1)

Vulnerable version ranges and first patched releases as published by GitHub.

Ecosystem Package Vulnerable range First patched Vulnerable functions
go go.opentelemetry.io/contrib/instrumentation/google.golang.org/grpc/otelgrpc >= 0.37.0, < 0.46.0 0.46.0

References

cvelogic Threat Intelligence