- Attack vector (AV:L)
- They already need access on the box, or another person has to do something wrong; it’s not a remote drive-by.
- Attack complexity (AC:H)
- Even with access, the exploit needs extra luck, timing, or a fussy environment to actually work.
- Privileges required (PR:H)
- They need powerful rights—admin, root, or similar—before this pays off.
- User interaction (UI:R)
- A real person has to do something—click, install, enable—otherwise it doesn’t land.
- Scope (S:U)
- Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
- Confidentiality (C:H)
- Serious risk that confidential data gets exposed in a big way.
- Integrity (I:N)
- Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
- Availability (A:H)
- Could take the service down hard or make it unusable for people who depend on it.