vLLM has SSRF Protection Bypass

Description

Summary

The SSRF protection fix for https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/security/advisories/GHSA-qh4c-xf7m-gxfc can be bypassed in the load_from_url_async method due to inconsistent URL parsing behavior between the validation layer and the actual HTTP client.

Affected Component

  • File: vllm/connections.py
  • Function: load_from_url_async

Vulnerability Details

Root Cause

The SSRF fix uses urllib3.util.parse_url() to validate and extract the hostname from user-provided URLs. However, load_from_url_async uses aiohttp for making the actual HTTP requests, and aiohttp internally uses the yarl library for URL parsing.

These two URL parsers handle backslash characters (\) differently:

Parser Input URL Parsed Host Parsed Path Behavior
urllib3.parse_url() https://httpbin.org\@evil.com/ httpbin.org /%[email protected]/ URL-encodes \ as %5C, treats \@evil.com/ as part of the path
yarl (via aiohttp) https://httpbin.org\@evil.com/ evil.com / Treats \ as part of userinfo (user: httpbin.org\), the @ acts as the userinfo/host separator

Attack Scenario

# Attacker provides this URL
malicious_url = "https://httpbin.org\\@evil.com/"

# 1. Validation layer (urllib3.parse_url)
parsed = urllib3.util.parse_url(malicious_url)
# parsed.host == "httpbin.org"  ✅ Passes validation

# 2. Actual request (aiohttp with yarl)
async with aiohttp.ClientSession() as session:
    async with session.get(malicious_url) as response:
        # Request actually goes to evil.com!  ❌ Bypass!

Why This Happens

  1. yarl: Interprets httpbin.org\ as the userinfo component, and @ as the userinfo/host separator, so the URL is parsed as user=httpbin.org\, host=evil.com, path=/
  2. urllib3: URL-encodes the backslash as %5C, so \@evil.com/ becomes /%[email protected]/ which is treated as part of the path, leaving host=httpbin.org

This inconsistency allows an attacker to:
- Bypass the hostname allowlist check
- Access arbitrary internal/external services
- Perform full SSRF attacks

Fixes

  • https://github.com/vllm-project/vllm/pull/34743

Basic information

Type
reviewed
Severity
medium
Advisory on GitHub
Open advisory ↗
Repository advisory
Open repository advisory ↗
Source code
Browse source ↗
Published (advisory)
2026-03-09 19:55:32 UTC
Updated
2026-07-17 16:17:47 UTC
GitHub reviewed
2026-03-09 19:55:32 UTC
NVD published
2026-03-09

EPSS Score

Score Percentile
0.48% 38.56%

CVSS Scores

Base score Version Severity Vector
5.4 3.1
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:L/UI:N/S:U/C:L/I:N/A:L Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:L)
A normal user session is enough; they don’t have to be admin.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:L)
Some sensitive info could get out, but not a total data dump.
Integrity (I:N)
Data isn’t meaningfully altered or forged.
Availability (A:L)
Might cause slowdowns, glitches, or partial disruption—not a full brick.

Identifiers

CWEs

CWE id Name
CWE-918 Server-Side Request Forgery (SSRF)

Credits

  • RacerZ-fighting (reporter)
  • russellb (coordinator)
  • DarkLight1337 (remediation_reviewer)
  • Isotr0py (other)
  • Fushuling (reporter)

Affected packages (1)

Vulnerable version ranges and first patched releases as published by GitHub.

Ecosystem Package Vulnerable range First patched Vulnerable functions
pip vllm >= 0.15.1, < 0.17.0 0.17.0

References

cvelogic Threat Intelligence