CVE-2025-4575 | The x509 application adds trusted use instead of rejected use

Issue summary: Use of -addreject option with the openssl x509 application adds a trusted use instead of a rejected use for a certificate. Impact summary: If a user intends to make a trusted certificate rejected for a particular use it will be instead marked as trusted for that use. A copy & paste error during minor refactoring of the code introduced this issue in the OpenSSL 3.5 version. If, for example, a trusted CA certificate should be trusted only for the purpose of authenticating TLS servers but not for CMS signature verification and the CMS signature verification is intended to be marked as rejected with the -addreject option, the resulting CA certificate will be trusted for CMS signature verification purpose instead. Only users which use the trusted certificate format who use the openssl x509 command line application to add rejected uses are affected by this issue. The issues affecting only the command line application are considered to be Low severity. The FIPS modules in 3.5, 3.4, 3.3, 3.2, 3.1 and 3.0 are not affected by this issue. OpenSSL 3.4, 3.3, 3.2, 3.1, 3.0, 1.1.1 and 1.0.2 are also not affected by this issue.

Published: 2025-05-22 Last update: 2025-10-23 Assigner: [email protected] Source: [email protected]

Conclusion & alert: CVE-2025-4575 is rated Low Risk (34/100): CVSS Medium severity, with low exploitation likelihood (EPSS 0.08%). Mandatory action: Monitor for updates and reassess as exploit intelligence or EPSS changes.

Risk is dynamic; we continuously reassess and refresh what is shown on this page as upstream context changes.

Exploit prediction scoring system (EPSS) score for CVE-2025-4575

EPSS lead: Daily EPSS estimates relative likelihood of exploitation; percentile ranks this CVE among scored vulnerabilities (higher = more severe relative rank).

# Date Old EPSS score New EPSS score Delta (New - Old)
1 2026-03-18 0.01% 0.08% +0.06%
2 2025-11-21 0.07% 0.01% -0.06%
3 2025-11-18 0.07%

Full EPSS history (4 records total)

Common vulnerability scoring system (CVSS) metrics for CVE-2025-4575

CVSS metrics for this CVE.

Base score Version Severity Vector Exploitability Impact Score source
6.5 3.1 MEDIUM
CVSS:3.1/AV:N/AC:L/PR:N/UI:N/S:U/C:N/I:L/A:L Click to expand
Attack vector (AV:N)
Could be attacked over the internet or any normal routed network—not just someone sitting at the machine.
Attack complexity (AC:L)
Once they can reach the bug, pulling it off is straightforward—no weird race conditions or rare setup.
Privileges required (PR:N)
No account or special rights needed—anonymous or random user is enough.
User interaction (UI:N)
Nobody has to click “OK” or open a trap file; it can work without a victim helping.
Scope (S:U)
Damage stays in the same “trust bubble” as the broken component—no big spill into unrelated systems.
Confidentiality (C:N)
Doesn’t really leak secrets in a meaningful way.
Integrity (I:L)
Attackers could change some data, but it’s limited—not everything goes.
Availability (A:L)
Might cause slowdowns, glitches, or partial disruption—not a full brick.
3.9 2.5 134c704f-9b21-4f2e-91b3-4a467353bcc0

Weakness enumeration for CVE-2025-4575

OS Trackers for CVE-2025-4575

vendor priority summary link
alpine CVE-2025-4575: 1 source package rows (openssl); 4 state rows across 2 repos (3.22-main, edge-main); fixed 2, open 2. https://security.alpinelinux.org/vuln/CVE-2025-4575
debian unimportant CVE-2025-4575 unimportant priority: Debian including 1 source packages (openssl), 5 status rows across 5 suites (bookworm, bullseye, forky, sid, trixie): resolved 5. https://security-tracker.debian.org/tracker/CVE-2025-4575
suse medium CVE-2025-4575 severity moderate: SUSE including 59 source package names (compat-openssl098, libopenssl-1_0_0-devel, …), 453 product×package rows across 50 product lines (SLES-LTSS-TERADATA 15 SP2, SUSE Linux Enterprise High Performance Computing 15 SP3-LTSS, … (50 product lines)): Known Not Affected 436, Fixed 17. https://www.suse.com/security/cve/CVE-2025-4575/
ubuntu low CVE-2025-4575 low priority: Ubuntu including 4 source packages (edk2, nodejs, openssl, openssl1.0), 33 status rows across 9 suites (bionic, focal, jammy, noble, oracular, plucky, trusty, upstream, xenial): not-affected 27, DNE 5, needs-triage 1. https://ubuntu.com/security/CVE-2025-4575

Affected software / configurations for CVE-2025-4575

Vendor Product Version Raw CPE
openssl openssl 3.5.0 cpe:2.3:a:openssl:openssl:3.5.0:*:*:*:*:*:*:*

References for CVE-2025-4575

cvelogic Threat Intelligence